物理

latex源码二

还可以通过某些命令获取与渲染文本大小相同的空间。见下表。

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|c|l|l|}

\hline

    语言 & 效果 & 描述 \\

\hline

\verb|a\phantom{\int XXX}b| & $a\phantom{\int XXX}b$ & 与一个积分和三个X相同宽和高的空间 \\

\verb|a\hphantom{\int XXX}b| & $a\hphantom{\int XXX}b$ & 与一个积分和三个X相同的宽，高为0\\

\verb|a\vphantom{\int XXX}b| & $a\vphantom{\int XXX}b$ & 与一个积分与三个X相同的高，宽为0 \\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{1cm}

\subsubsection{前缀运算符}

\paragraph{累加运算符}

\vspace{1cm}

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

语言&效果\\

\hline

\verb|\int|&$\int$\\

\verb|\iint|&$\iint$\\

\verb|\iiint|&$\iiint$\\

\verb|\oint|&$\oint$\\

\verb|\bigcap|&$\bigcap$\\

\verb|\bigcup|&$\bigcup$\\

\verb|\bigodot|&$\bigodot$\\

\verb|\bigoplus|&$\bigoplus$\\

\verb|\bigotimes|&$\bigotimes$\\

\verb|\bigsqcup|&$\bigsqcup$\\

\verb|\biguplus|&$\biguplus$\\

\verb|\bigvee|&$\bigvee$\\

\verb|\bigwedge|&$\bigwedge$\\

\verb|\coprod|&$\coprod$\\

\verb|\prod|&$\prod$\\

\verb|\sum|&$\sum$\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{2cm}

\subparagraph{旁标位置控制}

\begin{center}

\verb|\limits|和\verb|\nolimits|语言可以控制累加运算符的旁标位置。见下面的示例。

\end{center}

\begin{center}

\[

\sum\limits^n_{i=1}\quad \verb|\sum\limits^n_{i=1}|

\]

\end{center}

\begin{center}

\[

\sum\nolimits^a_b\quad \verb|\sum\nolimits^a_b|

\]

\end{center}

\paragraph{命名运算符}

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$\arccos$&\verb|\arccos|\\

$\arcsin$&\verb|\arcsin|\\

$\arctan$&\verb|\arctan|\\

$\arg$&\verb|\arg|\\

$\cos$&\verb|\cos|\\

$\cosh$&\verb|\cosh|\\

$\cot$&\verb|\cot|\\

$\coth$&\verb|\coth|\\

$\csc$&\verb|\csc|\\

$\deg$&\verb|\deg|\\

$\det$&\verb|\det|\\

$\dim$&\verb|\dim|\\

$\exp$&\verb|\exp|\\

$\gcd$&\verb|\gcd|\\

$\hom$&\verb|\hom|\\

$\inf$&\verb|\inf|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{5cm}

续表

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|c|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$\injlim$&\verb|\injlim|\\

$\ker$&\verb|\ker|\\

$\lg$&\verb|\lg|\\

$\lim$&\verb|\lim|\\

$\liminf$&\verb|\limimf|\\

$\limsup$&\verb|\limsup|\\

$\ln$&\verb|\ln|\\

$\log$&\verb|\log|\\

$\max$&\verb|\max|\\

$\min$&\verb|\min|\\

$\Pr$&\verb|\Pr|\\

$\projlim$&\verb|\projlim|\\

$\sec$&\verb|\sec|\\

$\sin$&\verb|\sin|\\

$\sinh$&\verb|\sinh|\\

$\sup$&\verb|\sup|\\

$\tan$&\verb|\tan|\\

$\tanh$&\verb|\tanh|\\

$\varinjlim$&\verb|\varinjlim|\\

$\varprojlim$&\verb|\varprojlim|\\

$\varliminf$&\verb|\varliminf|\\

$\varlimsup$&\verb|\varlimsup|\\

$\operatorname{foo}_0^1$&\verb|\operatorname{foo}_0^1|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\subsubsection{二进制运算符}

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|c|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$*$&\verb|*|\\

$+$&\verb|+|\\

$-$&\verb|-|\\

$\amalg$&\verb|\amalg|\\

$\ast$&\verb|\ast|\\

$\barwedge$&\verb|\barwedge|\\

$\bigcirc$&\verb|\bigcirc|\\

$\bigtriangledown$&\verb|\bigtriangledown|\\

$\bigtriangleup$&\verb|\bigtraingleup|\\

$\boxdot$&\verb|\boxdot|\\

$\boxminus$&\verb|\boxminus|\\

$\boxplus$&\verb|\boxplus|\\

$\boxtimes$&\verb|\boxtimes|\\

$\bullet$&\verb|\bullet|\\

$\cap$&\verb|\cap|\\

$\Cap$&\verb|\Cap或\doublecap|\\

$\cdot$&\verb|\cdot|\\

$\centerdot$&\verb|\centerdot|\\

$\circ$&\verb|\circ|\\

$\circledast$&\verb|\circledast|\\

$\circledcirc$&\verb|\circledcirc|\\

$\circleddash$&\verb|\circleddash|\\

$\cup$&\verb|\cup|\\

$\Cup$&\verb|\Cup或\doublecup|\\

$\curlyvee$&\verb|\curlyvee|\\

$\curlywedge$&\verb|\curlywedge|\\

$\dagger$&\verb|\dagger|\\

$\ddagger$&\verb|ddagger|\\

$\diamond$&\verb|\diamond|\\

$\div$&\verb|\div|\\

$\divideontimes$&\verb|\divideontimes|\\

$\dotplus$&\verb|\dotplus|\\

$\doublebarwedge$&\verb|\doublebarwedge|\\

$\gtrdot$&\verb|\gtrdot|\\

$\intercal$&\verb|\intercal|\\

$\leftthreetimes$&\verb|\leftthreetimes|\\

$\lessdot$&\verb|\lessdot|\\

$\ltimes$&\verb|\ltimes|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

续表

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$\mp$&\verb|\mp|\\

$\odot$&\verb|\odot|\\

$\ominus$&\verb|\ominus|\\

$\oplus$&\verb|\oplus|\\

$\oslash$&\verb|\oslash|\\

$\otimes$&\verb|\otimes|\\

$\pm$&\verb|\pm|\\

$\rightthreetimes$&\verb|\rightthreeyimes|\\

$\rtimes$&\verb|\rtimes|\\

$\setminus$&\verb|\setminus|\\

$\smallsetminus$&\verb|\smallsetminus|\\

$\sqcap$&\verb|\sqcap|\\

$\sqcup$&\verb|\sqcup|\\

$\star$&\verb|\star|\\

$\times$&\verb|\times|\\

$\triangleleft$&\verb|\triangleleft|\\

$\triangleright$&\verb|\triangleright|\\

$\uplus$&\verb|\uplus|\\

$\vee$&\verb|\vee或\lor|\\

$\veebar$&\verb|\veebar|\\

$\wedge$&\verb|\wedge或\land|\\

$\wr$&\verb|\wr|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{6cm}

\subsubsection{关系运算符}

\paragraph{<,>,=和变体}

\vspace{1cm}

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$>$&\verb|>|\\

$<$&\verb|<|\\

$=$&\verb|=|\\

$\approx$&\verb|\approx|\\

$\approxeq$&\verb|\approxeq|\\

$\asymp$&\verb|\asymp|\\

$\backsim$&\verb|\backsim|\\

$\backsimeq$&\verb|\backsimeq|\\

$\bumpeq$&\verb|\bumpeq|\\

$\Bumpeq$&\verb|\Bumpeq|\\

$\circeq$&\verb|\circeq|\\

$\cong$&\verb|\cong|\\

$\curlyeqprec$&\verb|\curlyeqprec|\\

$\curlyeqsucc$&\verb|\curlyeqsucc|\\

$\doteq$&\verb|\doteq|\\

$\doteqdot$&\verb|\doteqdot或\Doteq|\\

$\eqcirc$&\verb|\eqcirc|\\

$\eqsim$&\verb|\eqsim|\\

$\eqslantgtr$&\verb|\eqslantgtr|\\

$\eqslantless$&\verb|\eqslantless|\\

$\equiv$&\verb|\equiv|\\

$\fallingdotseq$&\verb|\fallingdotseq|\\

$\geq$&\verb|\geq或\ge|\\

$\geqq$&\verb|\geqq|\\

$\geqslant$&\verb|\geqslant|\\

$\gg$&\verb|\gg|\\

$\ggg$&\verb|\ggg或\gggtr|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{3cm}

续表

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$\gnapprox$&\verb|\gnapprox|\\

$\gneq$&\verb|\gneq|\\

$\gneqq$&\verb|\gneqq|\\

$\gnsim$&\verb|\gnsim|\\

$\gtrless$&\verb|\gtrless|\\

$\gtrsim$&\verb|\gtrsim|\\

$\gvertneqq$&\verb|\gvertneqq|\\

$\leq$&\verb|\leq或\le|\\

$\leqq$&\verb|\leqq|\\

$\leqslant$&\verb|\leqslant|\\

$\lessapprox$&\verb|\lessapprox|\\

$\lesseqgtr$&\verb|\lesseqgtr|\\

$\lessgtr$&\verb|\lessgtr|\\

$\lesssim$&\verb|\lesssim|\\

$\ll$&\verb|\ll|\\

$\lll$&\verb|\lll或\llless|\\

$\lnapprox$&\verb|\lnapprox|\\

$\lneq$&\verb|\lneq|\\

$\lneqq$&\verb|\lneqq|\\

$\lnsim$&\verb|\lnsim|\\

$\lvertneqq$&\verb|\lvertneqq|\\

$\ncong$&\verb|\ncong|\\

$\neq$&\verb|\neq或\ne|\\

$\ngeq$&\verb|\ngeq|\\

$\ngeqq$&\verb|\ngeqq|\\

$\ngeqslant$&\verb|\ngeqslant|\\

$\ngtr$&\verb|\ngtr|\\

$\nleq$&\verb|\nleq|\\

$\nleqq$&\verb|\nleqq|\\

$\nleqslant$&\verb|\nleqslant|\\

$\nless$&\verb|\nless|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\vspace{3cm}

续表

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|@{\hspace{0.7cm}}c@{\hspace{0.7cm}}|}

\hline

效果&语言\\

\hline

$\precapprox$&\verb|\precapprox|\\

$\preccurlyeq$&\verb|\preccurlyeq|\\

$\preceq$&\verb|\preceq|\\

$\precnapprox$&\verb|\precnapprox|\\

$\precneqq$&\verb|\precneqq|\\

$\precnsim$&\verb|\precnsim|\\

$\precsim$&\verb|\precsim|\\

$\risingdotseq$&\verb|\risingdotseq|\\

$\sim$&\verb|\sim|\\

$\simeq$&\verb|\simeq|\\

$\succ$&\verb|\succ|\\

$\succapprox$&\verb|\succapprox|\\

$\succcurlyeq$&\verb|\succcurlyeq|\\

$\succeq$&\verb|\succeq|\\

$\succnapprox$&\verb|\succnapprox|\\

$\succneqq$&\verb|\succneqq|\\

$\succnsim$&\verb|\succnsim|\\

$\succsim$&\verb|\succsim|\\

$\thickapprox$&\verb|\thickapprox|\\

$\thicksim$&\verb|\thicksim|\\

$\triangleq$&\verb|\triangleq|\\

$\nprec$&\verb|\nprec|\\

$\npreceq$&\verb|\npreceq|\\

$\nsim$&\verb|\nsim|\\

$\nsucc$&\verb|\nsucc|\\

$\nsucceq$&\verb|\nsucceq|\\

$\prec$&\verb|\prec|\\

$\gtrapprox$&\verb|\gtrapprox|\\

$\gtreqless$&\verb|\gtreqless|\\

$\gtreqqless$&\verb|\gtreqqless|\\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\end{center}

\end{document}