本帖首更：
一、一般现在时的核心用法
1. 表示习惯性、重复性动作
e.g： I usually go to school at 7:00 a.m. （我通常早上7点去上学。）
2. 表示客观事实或真理
e.g： The sun rises in the east. （太阳从东方升起。）
3. 表示现在的状态或能力
e.g：She likes reading books. （她喜欢读书。）
二、句型结构
1. 肯定句
主语（非第三人称单数） + 动词原形
e.g：They play football every weekend. （他们每个周末踢足球。）
主语（第三人称单数） + 动词三单形式
e.g： He teaches math at our school. （他在我们学校教数学。）
动词三单变化规则：
一般加 `-s`：works, eats - 以 `s, x, ch, sh` 结尾加 `-es`：watches, fixes - 以辅音字母 + `y` 结尾，变 `y` 为 `i` 加 `-es`：studies → studies
2. 否定句
主语 + do not (don't) / does not (doesn't) + 动词原形
e.g： I don't like coffee. （我不喜欢咖啡。）
She doesn't watch TV in the evening. （她晚上不看电视。）
3. 疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...?
e.g：Do you speak English? （你会说英语吗？） Does he live in Beijing? （他住在北京吗？）
三、标志词
时间状语：always（总是）, usually（通常）, often（经常）, sometimes（有时）, never（从不）, every day/week（每天/周）
e.g： We have English class every Monday. （我们每周一有英语课。）
频度副词位置：放在实义动词前，be动词后。
e.g： She is always happy. - They often go hiking.
四、特殊用法
1. 在时间/条件状语从句中代替一般将来时
e.g：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. （如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）
2. 表示按计划或时刻表要发生的动作
e.g： The train leaves at 8:00 p.m. （火车晚上8点发车。）
五、经典例句
1. My father works in a hospital. （我父亲在医院工作。）
2. Cats drink milk. （猫喝牛奶。）
3. Do they know the answer? （他们知道答案吗？）
4. The Earth goes around the sun. （地球绕着太阳转。）
六、易错点总结
1. 第三人称单数动词忘记加 `-s/-es` 错误：He go to school by bus. 正确：He goes to school by bus.
2. 疑问句中动词未还原原形 错误： Does she plays the piano? 正确：Does she play the piano?
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@伽利略瑟夫佬我改良的你看一下
一、核心考点总结
1. 第三人称单数动词变化（必考！）
规则变化：
直接加 `-s`：work → works - 以 `s, x, ch, sh` 结尾加 `-es`：teach → teaches - 辅音字母 + `y` 结尾，变 `y` 为 `i` 加 `-es`：carry → carries
不规则变化：have → has, do → does, go → goes
易错点：主语为不可数名词或单数概念时用三单
例：The news is interesting. (消息是单数概念）
2. 否定句与疑问句结构（高频考点）
否定句：主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 例：She doesn’t finish her homework.
疑问句：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? 例：Does your brother like swimming?
3. 时间状语从句中的一般现在时
主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时 例：I will call you when I arrive.
4. 固定搭配与真理句（必考）
表示科学事实、客观规律 例：Light travels faster than sound.
二、重要句型分类
1. 含频度副词的句型
句型：主语 + always/often/sometimes + 动词 例：He always helps others.
位置规则：频度副词放在实义动词前，be动词后
例：She is never late.
2. 含 "every" 的时间状语句型
句型：主语 + 动词 + every day/week/year
例：We clean the classroom every Friday.
3. 固定句型结构There be 句型：表示存在
例：There is a book on the desk.
主语 + 感官动词（look/sound/smell）
例：The flowers smell sweet.
三、真题高频考点例题
1. 单项选择
1. —______ your sister ______ (get) up early? —Yes, she does.
A. Do; get B. Does; gets C. Does; get
2. The moon ______ around the earth.
A. move B. moves C. moved
答案：1. C 2. B
2. 改错题
1. My mother often go shopping on Sundays. → ______
2. Does they play football after school? → ______
答案： 1. go → goes (主语三单) 2. Does → Do (主语they复数)
四、特殊句式与易错对比
1. 实义动词 vs. Be动词
实义动词需借助do/does： 疑问句：Do you know him?
Be动词直接提前： 疑问句：Are you a student?
2. 否定句中易混淆结构
错误：He not likes apples. 正确：He doesn’t like apples.
差不多，然后可以把自己的一些心得说出来，然后没有什么能改进的啦！
我有一个训练营，他是这么说的s,x, ch, sh就是shǎchāchīshǐ
今日教程：现在进行时
一、现在进行时的核心用法
1. 表示此刻正在进行的动作
e.g：Look! The boys are playing football.
（看！男孩们正在踢足球。） 2. 表示现阶段持续但此刻不一定发生的动作
e.g：I am studying for the exams these days.
（我最近在备考。） 3. 表示计划好的近期安排（常用位移动词）
e.g：She is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
（她明天要去上海。）
二、句型结构
1. 肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词（-ing） e.g：
They are watching a movie now.
He is writing an email. 2. 否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词现在分词
e.g：
I am not joking. This is serious.
The dog isn’t barking at the stranger.
3. 疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词现在分词 + ...?
e.g：
Are you listening to me?
Is it raining** outside?
三、动词现在分词（-ing）变化规则
| 规则 | 示例 |
|---------------------|-----------------------|
| 一般直接加 `-ing` | work → working |
| 以不发音的 `e` 结尾，去 `e` 加 `-ing` | take → taking |
| 重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾辅音字母加 `-ing` | run → running, swim → swimming |
| 以 `ie` 结尾，变 `ie` 为 `y` 加 `-ing` | lie → lying |
四、标志词
时间状语：now（现在）, at the moment（此刻）, right now（马上）, these days（最近）, Look!（看！）, Listen!（听！）
语境提示：句子中出现动作正在进行的场景描述。
e.g：Shh! The baby is sleeping. 五、高频考点（结合中考真题）
1. 动词现在分词的拼写（必考！）
双写规则：stop → stopping, get → getting
易错词：die → dying (非 dieing), tie → tying 2. 进行时与一般现在时的区别
现在进行时：强调动作正在进行。
e.g：She is watering the flowers now.
一般现在时：强调习惯或事实。
e.g：She waters the flowers every morning.
3. 进行时表将来的用法
常用动词：come, go, leave, arrive, start
e.g：The train is arriving in 10 minutes. 4. 状态动词不用进行时（！）
表示情感、认知、拥有的动词：like, know, want, have（表拥有）, belong
错误：I am liking this book.
正确：I like this book. 六、经典例句
1. They are preparing for the party right now.
2. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.
3. Are you waiting for the bus?
4. I am visiting my grandparents this weekend.
七、典型例题（中考真题改编）
1. 单项选择
1. —What are you doing?
—I ______ a letter to my friend.
A. write B. am writing C. writes
2. Look! The students ______ basketball on the playground.
A. play B. played C. are playing
答案：1. B 2. C
2. 用动词的现在分词形式填空
1. The cat ______ (lie) on the sofa now.
2. She ______ (shop) for clothes at the mall.
答案：1. is lying 2. is shopping
3. 改错题
1. He is know the answer. → ______
2. They are swiming in the pool. → ______
答案：
1. know → knowing（错误：状态动词know不可用进行时）
2. swiming → swimming（双写m）
课后练习：
一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空
1. The boy ______ (run) in the park now.
2. I ______ (do) my homework at the moment.
3. Look! The dog ______ (chase) a cat.
4. They ______ (have) a meeting right now.
5. She ______ (not sleep); she ______ (read).
二、 选择题
1. Listen! Who ______ (is singing/sings) in the next room?
2. —______ your brother ______ (watch) TV?
—No, he is studying.
A. Is; watching B. Does; watch C. Are; watching
三、 翻译句子
1. 我们现在正在讨论计划。
→ We ______ ______ about the plan now.
2. 别吵！婴儿在睡觉。
→ Don’t make noise! The baby ______ ______.
四、改错题
1. They are siting under the tree. → ______
2. The bird is fly in the sky. → ______
五、句型转换
1. She is drawing a picture. (改为否定句)
→ She ______ ______ a picture.
2. Are they cleaning the room? (改为肯定句)
→ They ______ ______ the room.
一、一般过去时的核心用法
1. 表示过去发生的动作或状态
e.g：I watched a movie last night. （我昨晚看了一部电影。）
e.g：She was a teacher 5 years ago.（五年前她是一名老师。）
2. 表示过去的习惯性动作
e.g：He played basketball every day when he was young. （他年轻时每天打篮球。）
3. 描述过去的事实
e.g：The Wright brothers invented** the first airplane.（莱特兄弟发明了第一架飞机。）
二、句型结构
1. 肯定句
主语 + 动词过去式（+ 其他）
规则动词变化：直接加 `-ed`：work → worked
以 `e` 结尾加 `-d`：live → lived
辅音字母 + `y` 结尾，变 `y` 为 `i` 加 `-ed`：study → studied
重读闭音节双写末尾字母加 `-ed`：stop → stopped
不规则动词需单独记忆：go → went, have → had
2. 否定句
主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形
e.g：They didn’t finish** their homework. （他们没完成作业。）
She didn’t go to the park yesterday. （她昨天没去公园。）
3. 疑问句
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...?
e.g：Did you visit the museum last week? （你上周参观博物馆了吗？）
Did he call you? （他给你打电话了吗？）
三、标志词
时间状语：yesterday（昨天）, last night/week/month（昨晚/上周/上个月）, ago（以前）, in 2020（在2020年）, once（曾经）, the day before yesterday（前天）
短语：just now（刚才）, long time ago（很久以前）
e.g：He moved to Beijing three years ago.（他三年前搬到了北京。）
四、高频考点（结合中考真题）
1. 动词过去式拼写错误（规则与不规则变化）
错误： She stoped crying. → 正确：stopped
2. 否定句与疑问句中忘记用动词原形
错误：Did he went to school? → 正确：go
3. be动词过去式（was/were）的误用
错误：I were at home yesterday. → 正确：was
4. 与现在完成时的混淆
区别：一般过去时：强调动作发生在过去，与现在无关。
e.g：I saw that movie.
现在完成时：强调动作对现在的影响。
e.g：I have seen that movie.
五、经典例句与翻译
1. They visited the Great Wall last summer.（他们去年夏天参观了长城。）
2. Did you clean your room yesterday? （你昨天打扫房间了吗？）
3. The train arrived late because of the heavy rain. （由于大雨，火车晚点了。）
4. She wasn’t happy with the result. （她对结果不满意。）
六、常用句型
1. 含时间状语的句型
e.g：主语 + 动词过去式 + 时间状语
e.g：I bought a new bike last week.
2. There be 句型过去式
句型：There was/were + 名词 + 时间状语
e.g：There were many trees here ten years ago.
3. 过去习惯性动作
句型：主语 + used to + 动词原形
e.g：He used to play the piano.
练习附上！
1. 用动词的过去式填空
1. She ______ (study) English for 2 hours yesterday.
2. They ______ (not eat) breakfast this morning.
3. ______ you ______ (see) the movie last night?
4. The boy ______ (break) the window and ran away.
2. 改错题
1. I didn’t went to school yesterday. → ______
2. Did they visited the zoo? → ______
3. 翻译句子
1. 他昨天下午踢足球了。
→ He ______ football yesterday afternoon.
2. 你去年住在哪里？
→ Where ______ you ______ last year?
4. 选择题
1. What ______ you ______ last weekend?
A. did; do B. do; did C. did; did
2. She ______ her keys at home this morning.
A. forget B. forgot C. forgotten
5. 句型转换
1. He was a doctor. (改为否定句)
→ He ______ ______ a doctor.
2. They played chess. (改为一般疑问句)
→ ______ they ______ chess?
一、核心知识点与要点
1. 基本结构
| 句式 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------------|-----------------------|-------------------------------|
| 肯定句 | 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 | She has finished her homework. |
| 否定句 | 主语 + have not/has not + 过去分词 | I haven't seen the movie. |
| 一般疑问句 | Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ | Have you eaten lunch? |
| 特殊疑问句 | 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词？ | How long have you lived here? |
2. 核心用法
| 用法 | 说明 | 标志词/例句 |
|---------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
| 已完成动作 | 过去发生的事对现在有影响 | already, just, yet, recently<br>He has just left.（他现在不在这里） |
| 持续状态 | 动作/状态从过去持续到现在（常接延续性动词） | for + 时间段, since + 时间点<br>We have known each other for 10 years. |
| 经历 | 过去到现在是否经历过某事 | ever, never, before, twice<br>Have you ever been to Beijing? |
3. 关键时间状语
| 类型 | 常用词 |
|------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 已完成 | just, already, yet（疑问/否定句）, recently, lately |
| 持续 | for + 时间段（for 2 weeks）, since + 时间点（since 2020） |
| 经历 | ever, never, once, twice, before, in the past 5 years | > ✅ 易错点：
> for 接时间段（for three days）
> since 接时间点（since last Monday）或从句（since I came here）
> yet 用于疑问句/否定句句末（Have you finished yet? / I haven't done it yet.）
二、高频考点与易错点
1 been to vs. have gone to
| 表达 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---------------|--------------------------|----------------------------------|
| have been to | 去过某地（已回来） | She has been to Paris twice. |
| have gone to | 去了某地（未回来） | Tom has gone to London. | 2. 延续性动词 vs. 非延续性动词
| 动词类型 | 特点 | 转换示例 |
|----------------|-----------------------|------------------------------------------|
| 延续性动词 | 可接 for/since | keep, live, work, study, know |
| 非延续性动词 | 不可接 for/since | buy → have had<br>die → have been dead<br>join →have been a member |
> ⚠️ 典型错误改正：
> ❌ His grandfather has died for 2 years.
> ✅ His grandfather has been dead for 2 years.
3. 与一般过去时的区别
| 时态 | 侧重点 | 时间状语 | 例句对比 |
|----------------|-------------|----------------|------------------------------|
| 现在完成时 | 现在影响 | since, for | I have lost my keys.（现在找不到） |
| 一般过去时 | 过去动作 | yesterday, ago | I lost my keys yesterday.（仅说明过去动作） |
练习附上！
1. She ______ (be) a teacher for 15 years.
2. —______ you ______ (see) my pen? I can't find it.
3. He ______ just ______ (finish) his project.
4. We ______ (not hear) from Lisa since last month.
5. How long ______ your parents ______ (work) in this company?
6. They ______ (live) here since they ______ (move) to the city.
7. I ______ never ______ (eat) Japanese food before.
8. —Where is Tom? —He ______ (go) to the library.
9. My brother ______ (join) the basketball team two years ago, and he ______ (be) in it ever since.
10. The train ______ already ______ (leave). We have to wait for the next one.
11. ______ you ever ______ (travel) abroad?
12. She ______ (not visit) her grandparents for three months.
13. I ______ (buy) a new bike last week, but I ______ (not ride) it yet.
14. It's the best film I ______ ever ______ (watch).
15. —How long ______ you ______ (have) this book? —Since last Monday.
16. He ______ (lose) his key yesterday, so he ______ (not enter) his room since then.
17. The students ______ just ______ (clean) the classroom.
18. ______ your father ______ (return) from Beijing yet?
19. She ______ (be) ill for a week. She ______ (catch) a cold last Monday.
20. —______ you ______ (read) this book? —Yes, I ______ (read) it three days ago.
真题篇：
1.(2023 北京) —______ you ______ the new movie?
—Yes, I ______ it last weekend.
A. Did; see; saw B. Have; seen; have seen C. Have; seen; saw
2. (2022 上海) Mr. Smith ______ in this school since he came to China.
A. taught B. has taught C. teaches
3. (2023 广州) I ______ my homework yet. Can you wait a moment?
A. don't finish B. haven't finished C. didn't finish
